{"id":511,"date":"2020-02-16T13:01:53","date_gmt":"2020-02-16T07:31:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/?p=511"},"modified":"2020-02-16T13:01:53","modified_gmt":"2020-02-16T07:31:53","slug":"ocular-uses-of-glucocorticoids","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/ocular-uses-of-glucocorticoids\/","title":{"rendered":"Ocular uses of Glucocorticoids"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Ocular uses of Glucocorticoids<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"390\" height=\"492\" src=\"\">Steroids in ophthalmology \u00e0 to suppress inflammation, reduce symptoms and minimize scarring.<\/li><li>steroidal preparations including fluorometholone, prednisolone acetate, prednisolone phosphate and dexamethasone phosphate<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"389\" height=\"492\" src=\"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-133.png?w=389\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-133.png 389w, https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-133-237x300.png 237w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The effects of corticosteroids on ocular tissues include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 reduction of the cellular immune response;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 reduction of inflammatory vascular permeability;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 stabilization of the blood-aqueous barrier;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 limitation of fibrinoid exudation;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 inhibition of fibroblast transdifferentiation;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 inhibition of epithelial proliferation;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 inhibition of inflammatory corneal neovascularization;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 retardation of wound healing;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 elevation of intraocular pressure;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2013 induction of cataract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Inhibit chemotactic leukocyte migration<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>An important aspect of the corticosteroid anti-inflammatory effect is modulation of the synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory mediators by modulation of gene transcription. Such biochemical mediators include cytokines, TNF, tachykinins, nitric oxide, platelet-activating factor and eicosanoids. Synthesis of pro- inflammatory leukotrienes is pathophysiologically dependent on phospholipase A2 \u00e0 inhibited by glucocorticoids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>steroids in eye disease<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(i)Steroid Drops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a. External eye disease \u2013 Used in allergic eye disease and severe blepharoconjunctivitis only when alternative and adjunctive medicines (mast cell inhibitors, anti-histamines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories) have failed to control symptoms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b. Severe cases of idiopathic anterior uveitis may require periocularly injected or systemically applied corticosteroids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c. Post-operative intraocular surgery \u00e0 anti-inflammatory effect of corticosteroid eye drops is regarded to be beneficial after surgical procedures like cataract extraction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d. Keratitis (combined with antiviral therapy in Herpetic eye disease, with antibiotic in bacterial ulcer).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(ii) Steroid Creams (Hydrocortisone 0.5%, 1%) for periocular eczema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iii) Steroid Ointments\u00e0 severe anterior uveitis overnight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(iv<strong>) Depot steroid injections into the eye<\/strong> for macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion; diabetic retinopathy intolerant or resistant to antiVEGF therapy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(v) Subconjunctival injection \u00e0 shown to be effective in episcleritis, scleritis and anterior uveitis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(vi) Systemic steroids \u00e0 temporal arteritis, scleritis, retinitis and posterior segment infections (combined with local and systemic anti-infective agents).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"469\" height=\"367\" src=\"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-134.png?w=469\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-134.png 469w, https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/image-134-300x235.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 469px) 100vw, 469px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Corticosteroid-Induced Glaucoma<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An increase in intraocular pressure will be found in approximately 30% of individuals with an average rise of 10 mm Hg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Secondary glaucoma due to corticosteroids can be induced by any route of administration<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pressure changes are completely reversible when treatment is discontinued. However, irreversible optic nerve damage may result from prolonged secondary hypertension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Corticosteroid-Induced Cataract<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) as a complication of both topical and systemic corticosteroid therapy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>loteprednol Etabonate Ophthalmic Gel<\/strong>) 0.38% &#8211; 25 Feb, 2019 \u00e0 For The Treatment Of Postoperative Inflammation And Pain Following Ocular Surgery<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ocular uses of Glucocorticoids Steroids in ophthalmology \u00e0 to suppress inflammation, reduce symptoms and minimize scarring. steroidal preparations including fluorometholone, prednisolone acetate, prednisolone phosphate and dexamethasone phosphate The effects of corticosteroids on ocular tissues include: \u2013 reduction of the cellular immune response; \u2013 reduction of inflammatory vascular permeability; \u2013 stabilization of the blood-aqueous barrier; \u2013[&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/511"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=511"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/511\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/medicineplexus.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}